The Tale Hamlet by William Shakespeare Essay - 1413 Words

Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet, is a tale that has withstood the test of time because of the relevance to modern day and the near flawless delivery of the story’s themes. Though many sections and passages can capture the spirit of Shakespeare’s tales, none does so better than the famous soliloquy Hamlet spoke to Ophelia. In the opening lines, Hamlet says: To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? To die, to sleep- (3.1.138) In other words, Hamlet is starts off by asking whether it is better to be alive or dead. As pessimistic as his question seems, it can be deemed†¦show more content†¦To die, to sleep. (3.1.138) Here Hamlet further reinforces death as the best decision by restating death as, metaphorically, sleep. He then illustrates death as an answer to Earthly troubles such as heartache and shock while further cementing death a the most viable option by saying it is something one should wish for. Unfortunately, Hamlet changes pace and acknowledges that there is a catch when death arrives: To sleep: perchance to dream- ay, theres the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause: theres the respect That makes calamity of so long life; (3.1.138) In other words, Hamlet explains how humans do not know what awaits them after death. The dream, a metaphor for the life after death, is unknown to humans. Fearing the unknown, mankind is driven to expect the worst outcome, which is why many still choose to live rather than die. Afterwards, Hamlet lists all the aliements that come with life which includes abusive managers, being insulted by arrogant men, loving someone who does not reciprocate the emotion, dealing with a faulted legal system, rudeness of people in office, and the mistreatment good people are subjected to by bad people (Shakespeare.) Shakespeare likely listed as many examples as he did hoping to invoke a connection with Hamlet’s point, further engaging the viewer or reader. Simply put, Hamlet reinforces his belief thatShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - The Tale Of A Juvenile Prince1197 Words   |  5 Pages Hamlet is the tale of a juvenile prince determined to reveal the truth about his father’s recent quietus. Hamlet’s uncle ,Claudius, marries his mother the queen, and therefore, takes the throne. In Act 1 (scene 5), Hamlet is told by the apparition of his dead father that it was his uncle, who murdered him. The theme that remains consistent throughout this tribulation is appearance versus reality. The characters introduced throughout the play, appear to be caring and honest, but in reality areRead MoreThe Role Of Women During The Canterbury Tales By William Shakespeare And A Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1028 Words   |  5 Pagesdocumented through world literature. â€Å"And the reality is that for a large bulk of human history, women have been treated as the subordinate to men and have not been given a voice†(David Splawn, 2015). Works such as The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, Hamlet by William Shakespeare,The Education of Women by Daniel Defoe, and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. These works come from a wide variety of time periods, they range from the middle ages to the modern era, where the first was published around 900Read MoreWomen s Liberty Through Literature1105 Words   |  5 Pages Women’s Liberty Through Literature Kendall N. Player English 4 AP Literature Mrs. Johnson  The role of women in society has been well documented through world literature. Works such as The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, Hamlet by William Shakespeare,The Education of Women by Daniel Defoe, and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. These works come from a wide variety of time periods, they range from the middle ages to the modern era, where the first was published around 900 years before the lastRead More Hamlet Essay examples607 Words   |  3 PagesHamlet Hamlet Critique Hamlet, a play by William Shakespeare, was written in approximately the middle to late 1590s, while Shakespeares work was flourishing, and his company was putting up the Globe Theater. Shakespeare was a profound writer, and Hamlet is considered to be his most prolific writing, and is a favorite among the readers. It is a tragic tale of conspiracy, death, disease, and a young mans struggle to avenge his fathers murder. I would like to set apart Hamlet from theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet, King Lear, And A Midsummer s Night Dream1037 Words   |  5 Pagesof Avon, commonly known as William Shakespeare is one of the best known playwrights in the (Video). A few of his most famous plays include Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, King Lear, and A Midsummer’s Night Dream (McArthur). Although he was popular during his time, Shakespeare’s influence continued to grow after his death and today he well known around the world. He added 2,000 words to the English dictionary and he is the 2nd most quoted after the Bible (Video). Shakespeare is one of the most influentialRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Influence On The Course Of World History1440 Words   |  6 PagesWaldo Emerson, a famous essayist inspired by Shakespeare’s works. William Shakespeare was a renowned author, poet, actor, and playwright. He has contributed to many components of life today such as; founding modern En glish language, contributing to literature, contributing to modern theater, and contributing many of his works to modern English. William Shakespeare has greatly impacted the course of world history. William Shakespeare was believed to be born on April 23,1564, in his hometown of Stratford-upon-AvonRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare Influences882 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is best known as England’s National Poet and also known as the â€Å"Bard of Avon.† He is credited for writing 38 plays, 154 sonnets, and other poems. Throughout Shakespeare’s career, his purpose of writing evolved over time. Shakespeare drew inspiration for his works through various authors, the death of his son, and the exploration of the meaning of life towards the end of his career. These life experiences shaped some of the greatest pieces of literature written in the English RenaissanceRead MoreInsane Characters In Edgar Allan Poe And The Shining By Stephen King1569 Words   |  7 PagesDrawn to the Unknown Insane characters add a thrilling and exciting twist on stories such as Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe and The Shining by Stephen King. There is something that appeals to people about a character that goes completely crazy and then does some rash things as a result of his or her insanity. The reason that people are attracted to characters that go completely out of their mind is because no one knows how to predict what is going to happen next. Many people find situationsRead More The Character Horatio in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1248 Words   |  5 Pagesin Shakespeares Hamlet In the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the confidant Horatio is created to serve a number of different purposes. Horatio is a flat character. He is a loyal, obedient, and trustworthy companion to Hamlet. His character does not undergo any significant transformation throughout the play, except that he serves as a witness of the death of Hamlet, Claudius, and Gertrude. Horatios role in the play seems to be as a utilitarian character that Shakespeare created in orderRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1733 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare is a figure shrouded in mystery. In this paper, the title of â€Å"Shakespeare† will refer to the author of the works currently credited to William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon. Shakespeare is undoubtedly one of the most famous writers of all time. He created masterpieces like Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, and several more. For a long period of time, William Shakespeare from Stratford-upon-Avon was considered the auth or of all the works credited to Shakespeare. For over a century

Major General Sir Isaac Brock in the War of 1812

The eighth son of a middle class family, Isaac Brock was born in St. Peter Port, Guernsey on October 6, 1769 to John Brock, formerly of the Royal Navy, and Elizabeth de Lisle. Though a strong student, his formal education was brief and included schooling in Southampton and Rotterdam. Appreciative of education and learning, he spent much of his later life working to improve his knowledge. During his early years, Brock also became known as a strong athlete who was particularly gifted at boxer and swimming. Early Service At the age of fifteen, Brock decided to pursue a military career and on March 8, 1785 purchased a commission as an ensign in the 8th Regiment of Foot. Joining his brother in the regiment, he proved a capable soldier and in 1790 was able to purchase a promotion to lieutenant. In this role he worked hard to raise his own company of soldiers and was finally successful a year later. Promoted to captain on January 27, 1791, he received command of the independent company that he had created. Shortly thereafter, Brock and his men were transferred to the 49th Regiment of Foot. In his early days with the regiment, he earned the respect of his fellow officers when he stood up to another officer who was a bully and prone to challenging others to duels. After a sojourn with the regiment to the Caribbean during which he fell critically ill, Brock returned to Britain in 1793 and was assigned to recruiting duty. Two years later he purchased a commission as a major before rejoining the 49th in 1796. In October 1797, Brock benefited when his superior was compelled to leave the service or face a court-martial. As a result, Brock was able to purchase the lieutenant colonelcy of the regiment at a reduced price. Fighting in Europe In 1798, Brock became the effective commander of the regiment with the retirement of Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Keppel. The following year, Brocks command received orders to join Lieutenant General Sir Ralph Abercrombys expedition against the Batavian Republic. Brock first saw combat at the Battle of Krabbendam on September 10, 1799, though the regiment was not heavily engaged in the fighting. A month later, he distinguished himself at the Battle of Egmont-op-Zee while fighting under Major General Sir John Moore.   Advancing over difficult terrain outside of the town, the 49th and British forces were under constant fire from French sharpshooters. In the course of the engagement, Brock was struck in the throat by a spent musket ball but quickly recovered to continue leading his men. Writing of the incident, commented, I got knocked down shortly after the enemy began to retreat, but never quitted the field, and returned to my duty in less than half an hour. Two years later, Brock and his men embarked aboard Captain Thomas Fremantles HMS Ganges (74 guns) for operations against the Danes and were present at the Battle of Copenhagen. Originally brought on board for use in assaulting the Danish forts around the city, Brocks men were not needed in the wake of Vice Admiral Lord Horatio Nelsons victory. Assignment to Canada With fighting quieting in Europe, the 49th was transferred to Canada in 1802. Arriving, he was initially assigned to Montreal where he was forced to deal with problems of desertion. On one occasion, he violated the American border to recover a group of deserters. Brocks early days in Canada also saw him prevent a mutiny at Fort George. Having received word that members of the garrison intended to imprison their officers before fleeing to the United States, he made an immediate visit to the post and had the ringleaders arrested. Promoted to colonel in October 1805, he took a brief leave to Britain that winter. Preparing for War With tensions between the United States and Britain rising, Brock began efforts to improve Canadas defenses. To this end he oversaw improvements to the fortifications at Quebec and improved the Provincial Marine which was responsible for transporting troops and supplies on the Great Lakes. Though appointed brigadier general in 1807 by Governor General Sir James Henry Craig, Brock was frustrated by a lack of supplies and support. This feeling was compounded by a general unhappiness with being posted to Canada when his comrades in Europe were gaining glory by fighting Napoleon. Wishing to return to Europe, he sent several requests for reassignment. In 1810, Brock was given command of all British force in Upper Canada. The following June saw him promoted to major general and with the departure of Lieutenant Governor Francis Gore that October, he was made the administrator for Upper Canada giving him civil as well as military powers. In this role he worked to alter the militia act to expand his forces and began building relationships with Native American leaders such as the Shawnee chief Tecumseh. Finally granted permission to return to Europe in 1812, he declined as war was looming. The War of 1812 Begins With the outbreak of the War of 1812 that June, Brock felt that British military fortunes were bleak. In Upper Canada, he possessed only 1,200 regulars which were supported by around 11,000 militia. As he doubted the loyalty of many Canadians, he believed only around 4,000 of the latter group would be willing to fight. Despite this outlook, Brock quickly sent word to Captain Charles Roberts at St. John Island in Lake Huron to move against nearby Fort Mackinac at his discretion. Roberts succeeded in capturing the American fort which aided in gaining support from the Native Americans. Triumph at Detroit Wishing to build on this success, Brock was thwarted by Governor General George Prevost who desired a purely defensive approach. On July 12, an American force led by Major General William Hull moved from Detroit into Canada. Though the Americans quickly withdrew to Detroit, the incursion provided Brock with justification for going on the offensive. Moving with around 300 regulars and 400 militia, Brock reached Amherstburg on August 13 where he was joined by Tecumseh and approximately 600-800 Native Americans. As British forces had succeeded in capturing Hulls correspondence, Brock was aware that the Americans were short on supplies and scared of attacks by the Native Americans. Despite being badly outnumbered, Brock emplaced artillery on the Canadian side of the Detroit River and began bombarding Fort Detroit. He also employed a variety of tricks to convince Hull that his force was larger than it was, while also parading his Native American allies to induce terror. On August 15, Brock demanded that Hull surrender. This was initially refused and Brock prepared to lay siege to the fort. Continuing his various ruses, he was surprised the next day when the elderly Hull agreed to turn over the garrison. A stunning victory, the fall of Detroit secured that area of the frontier and saw the British capture a large supply of weapons which were needed for arming the Canadian militia. Death at Queenston Heights That fall Brock was forced to race east as an American army under Major General Stephen van Rensselaer threatened to invade across the Niagara River. On October 13, the Americans opened the Battle of Queenston Heights when they began shifting troops across the river. Fighting their way ashore they moved against a British artillery position on the heights. Arriving on the scene, Brock was forced to flee when American troops overran the position. Sending a message to Major General Roger Hale Sheaffe at Fort George to bring reinforcements, Brock began rallying British troops in the area to retake the heights. Leading forward two companies of the 49th and two companies of York militia, Brock charged up the heights assisted by aide-de-camp Lieutenant Colonel John Macdonell. In the attack, Brock was struck in the chest and killed. Sheaffe later arrived and fought the battle to a victorious conclusion. In the wake of his death, over 5,000 attended his funeral and his body was buried at Fort George. His remains were later moved in 1824 to a monument in his honor that was constructed on Queenston Heights. Following damage to the monument in 1840, they were shifted to a larger monument on the same site in the 1850s.

The International Monetary Fund And The World Bank Were

The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank were formed at the Britton Woods Conference in New Hampshire, United States, in 1944. They were designed as the mainstay of the post-war global economic order. The World Bank s focus is the provision of long-term loans to support development projects. The IMF concentrates on providing loans to stabilize countries with short-term financial crises Critics of the World Bank and IMF have argued that policies implemented by African Countries, intended to control inflation and generate foreign exchange to help pay off the IMF debts, often result in increased unemployment, poverty and economic polarization thereby impeding sustainable development. The World Bank and IMF became increasingly†¦show more content†¦In 1980, Zimbabwe after being liberated, the government vigorously invested in all sectors of the economy (health, education, mining, universal access to services but this in turn led to the government budget deficits in the mid-1980s and forced the government to look for ways to finance its excessive expenditure. Zimbabwe was then persuaded to implement ESAP. The programme was to run from year 1991 to 1995. ESAP was a package with instruments to be adhered to, and these were the components: 1. Reduction of government expenditure through privatization 2. Removing wage controls 3. Removing controls on exchange rates 4. Removing subsidies on basic goods 5. Removal of price control measures The basis of these components was to let the market control the economy and reduce government bills thereby cutting the expenditure. Although the neo liberalists favor the IMF and WB reform packages, the ESAP were to a larger extent disastrous in the different sectors of the economy ranging from people’s lives, health, education, agriculture and the macro and micro economy in Zimbabwe. According to Dhliwayo (2001), â€Å"the decision to want a major economic reform programs in Zimbabwe dates back to the beginning of the 1980s, with the main aim of attracting aid from international donors so that the country might close both the resource and trade gaps in order to meet its economic targets.† The ESAP was sought to transform Zimbabwe’sShow MoreRelatedThe International Monetary Fund And World Bank Group1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe International Monetary Fund and World Bank Group The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank have had enormous impact upon the world’s economies since their inception, after World War II. Although each of these organizations has a similar history, their role, objectives and funding are unique. These Washington DC-based organizations have drawn more than their share fair share of criticism as well as praise. Modern nations require thoroughly understand of these organizations. TheRead MoreInternational Monetary Fund : The Imf And The World Bank1252 Words   |  6 PagesThe International Monetary Fund, otherwise known as the IMF and the World Bank are two of the most economic organizations. While they are both economic organizations, they have different objectives. In order to understand these objectives, one must know why these organizations were formed and what if anything they have accomplished. Based on said accomplishments and also based on their initial goals, one can infer which of the two has been a succe ss. Therefore, it can be said that when it comes toRead MoreInternational Monetary Fund And The World Bank1679 Words   |  7 PagesTHE WORLD BANK AND IMF - HIPC International Monetary Fund and The World Bank, though has a good purpose of their existence, they have come under lots of criticisms as to how they use the leverage of being in a position of helping poor countries to either recover from economic collapse or give them debt relief and economic boost from loans they give out to them to impose policies and condition that those poor countries has to implement. These loan conditions and policies structured by these internationalRead MoreGlobalization and the Multinational Corporation: Multiple Choice Questions1378 Words   |  6 PagesInternational Financial Management, 2e (Bekaert / Hodrick) Chapter 1 Globalization and the Multinational Corporation 1.1 Multiple Choice Easy 1) Which of the following was created in an effort to promote free trade? A) World Trade Organization B) the Sarbanes-Oxley Act C) multilateral development banks D) the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Answer: A 2) Which one of the following is an investment from which the payoff over time is derived from the performanceRead MoreIMF : The Role Of International Institutions In Economy1045 Words   |  5 PagesRole of International Institutions in Economy: - IMF The IMF, in its 2010 published report, expects an average global growth rate of three percent. This is due to countries such as China, India and Russia. Thanks to them, the financial crisis in rich countries will not lead to a complete economic collapse, but will only slow down growth, experts say. In industrialized countries, stagnation or even recession will occur - in the best case the IMF expects zero growth. Great Britain, France and ItalyRead MoreThe Stystem Developed in the The Bretton Woods Conference862 Words   |  3 Pagesrepresentatives of two nations influenced the planning of the world monetary system (Scammell, 1982). The Article of Agreement was a negotiation between Britain and The United States, which was accepted and signed by 44 other nations (Ikenberry, 1933). The conference saw the establishment of the two most significant financial institutions, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development [World Bank] and The International Monetary Fund (Stwenron, 1944). The conference set the standard of goldRead MoreMonetary Fund And The World Bank1554 Words   |  7 Pagesnternational Monetary Fund and The World Bank, though has a good purpose of their existence, they have come under lots of criticisms as to how they use the leverage of being in a position of helping poor countries to either recover from economic collapse or give them debt relief and economic boost from loans they give out to them to impose policies and condition that those poor countries has to implement. These loan conditions and policies structured by these international financial power institutionsRead MoreRoles of International Financial Institutions1173 Words   |  5 PagesRoles of International Financial Institutions Marcus Jenkins MGT448 January 10, 2011 Paul Bogert Introduction When listening to the latest television report concerning global business news or world economics, names of financial institutions such as World Bank, International Monetary Funds, and Asian Development Bank may be the center of some discussion. A major player on the global forefront, international financial institutions function much differently from local neighborhoodRead MoreInternational Monetary Fund And The World Bank1561 Words   |  7 PagesTHE WORLD BANK AND IMF - HIPC International Monetary Fund and The World Bank, though has a good purpose of their existence, they have come under lots of criticisms as to how they use the leverage of being in a position of helping poor countries to either recover from economic collapse or give them debt relief and economic boost from loans they give out to them to impose policies and condition that those poor countries has to implement. These loan conditions and policies structured by these internationalRead MoreThe Imf, Wto, And World Bank1053 Words   |  5 Pagesthe IMF, WTO, and World Bank The World Bank was founded at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944. The bank was first known as the International Bank of Reconstruction and Development. Their founding mission was to help countries during a post-war World War II era rebuild and reconstruct. They did this by providing loans to countries who had been destroyed during wars. Their first loan was made in 1947 to France to rebuild following World War II (World Bank Group). The World Banks’s mission eventually

Responsibilities Of The Founding Fathers Of Our Constitution

In respect to the founding fathers of our constitution who so brilliantly, and so painstakingly constructed our one and only form of government has laid out the office, duties and responsibilities of the President of the United States. There are several major â€Å"hats† that the President is required to wear during their term of office. Those duties are as follows: Chief of State, Roles Related to Foreign Affairs, Commander and Chief, Chief Administrator, Chief Legislator, Party Leader, National Opinion Leader and Manager of the Economy(Pearson Education, Inc.Volkomer, Walter E.Copyright 2013). The bulk of the powers of the President are mainly found in Article II, sections 23 of the U.S. Constitution stating the roles of Commander and†¦show more content†¦I understand that the latest ambassador appointment during President Obama’s term is a soap opera star (can’t remember her name?) to Hungary? †¦.and the Senate agreed?! And in treaties and executive agreements†¦.so, the President gets to exercise a little more muscle with executive agreements than treaties? Something of a lesser nature in importance? That agreement of National American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) of eliminating tariffs on goods sold on the market looked like a real success to many! But I venture to say that the business owners we’re more than likely livid about that agreement?!! Such is life? The President is the conductor of foreign policies (or sometimes they appoint the Secretary of State). And even has gained the status of Leader in the democratic world! The President is also the Commander and Chief of the Army and Navy and the Militia in the United States. This clause is found in Article II, section 2 of the Constitution. I’ve heard that that rule doesn’t apply to the Air Force, Marines and the Coast Guard I wonder how much truth there is to that or is it just a misunderstanding? And, what a heavy-sized respo nsibility to have at your disposal – to declare WAR! Of course, not without the consent of Congress, and as history has shown it can be declared or implied through the actions of Congress. Also with the consent of the Senate the

Criminal Justice System Structures Human Behaviour Free Essays

string(285) " how the behaviours and priorities of each officer of the court conflict with one another because they have their own objectives to fulfill in order to portray that they are administrating justice equally and legitimately, as a reflection to the values of the official version of law\." â€Å"Law structures and guides human behaviour in a variety of ways: through the content of the rules it makes, the way its officials behave, and/or the severity of the penalties it imposed on those who do not conform to its requirements. †(Hay, 2004) In this essay, I will examine to what extent does the Canadian Criminal Justice System structures human behaviour, and whether or not this behaviour portrays itself to reflect the values of the official version of law. I will examine how the differences in behaviour, practices and priorities of each player in the criminal justice system conflicts with one another, and whether it contradicts or reflects the values of the official version of law. We will write a custom essay sample on Criminal Justice System Structures Human Behaviour or any similar topic only for you Order Now The official version of law is very significant to all aspects of the criminal justice system because the degree to which the system reflects these values tells us whether the system is just. The first case I observed was at Old City Hall, mental health court, room 102. The accused in this case was a homeless middle aged woman who had attempted to push a woman and her baby onto the subway train tracks.The judge, who was wearing a red sash, was sitting at an elevated position in the court, and the accused was sitting in the witness stand. The counsels were asking her questions, in order to come to a decision on whether she is eligible to be released back into society. The availability of a surety was discussed; the defence explained that the accused has no due to the fact that she has no relatives. The defence also argued how the accused does not have any previous encounters with the Criminal Justice System, which should be taken into account when considering her release.The defence’s language was very professional, and she spoke to the judge with the highest respect, referring to her as your Honour or your Majesty. The Crowns language was very professional as well, however I found her attitude was somewhat rude, and her tone was very impolite. However, the Crown was very stern with her arguments and effectively attacked every claim the defence. When it came to making a decision, the judge stated how she did not have any primary or tertiary grounds in concern to her release.The most concern was under secondary ground concerns considering the serious allegations. The judge decided that the Crown had met the onus considering that there was insufficient release plans, and her psychiatric analysis claims that the accused is a danger to society. Another case I observed was a bail hearing, which was lead by a Justice of the Peace, which I noticed because she was wearing a green sash. When I walked in, the accused (black male) was sitting in the accused box, and there was a witness being questioned on the witness stand, who was a potential surety.The Crown was asking the witness why he feels he is an eligible surety, and how does he plan on assuring that the accused does not further engage in criminal behaviour. The witness said how if the accused did not abide by the conditions given he would go to jail for the accused. The Crown explained the witness that that was not legally feasible. The Crown and the witness discussed that if he was granted surety of the accused, and if the accused did not follow his bail conditions the witness would have to sell his car in order to pay the $10, 000 sureties.While this was going on I noticed that the defence attorney would constantly go over and speak to the accused and whisper in his ea r. At one moment the Crown walked out to answer a phone call. I found this to be very informal and disrespectful to the courts. However, the call was concerning the case. What I found interesting about this case was how the witness advocated for the accused, and the remarks he was making. The witness expressed that the accused is aware of what he has done, and would like to be a law abiding citizen and have a good place in society once given the chance too.He also stated how the accused feels like a target in regards to police practices and how they have racially profiled the accused, and that it reflects how the system is unjust. The crown felt that the witness was making excuses for the accused, and asked the witness about his knowledge of the police and the courts, and how they play different roles in the system. The crown also asked if the witnesses’ cousin who happens to be the accused pregnant girlfriend is actually a blood cousin, or a term used to define a close friend.The court setting is presented as an adversarial system, which relies on the dispute between each advocate representing his/her party’s positions and involves an impartial person trying to determine the truth of the case (September 22nd 2009). The ability for this adversarial system to function effectively in court, while embracing the fundamental aspects of the law is very important to how the law presents itself. I was able to observe an adversarial system of dispute taking place in the first case, when the adversary parties were disputing whether or not the accused was psychologically fit for release.The Crown attorney stressed how she was not mentally stable to be released back into society. The Crown’s behaviour in her strong arguments and stern attitude reflected the aspect that the role of the prosecutor is to protect the best interest of the public. The defence attorney argued in defence for her client stating that the accused has not had any previous encounters with the criminal justice system in all her years, and that it was a mitigating circumstance that may not happen again. The defence was using any means that she could to succeed on the accused getting released.This portrays how the behaviours and priorities of each officer of the court conflict with one another because they have their own objectives to fulfill in order to portray that they are administrating justice equally and legitimately, as a reflection to the values of the official version of law. You read "Criminal Justice System Structures Human Behaviour" in category "Papers" Throughout my observations I looked for, but was unable to come across a non-adversarial system in the courtroom. Within an adversarial system, a ‘morality play’ takes place, where each player in the courtroom plays a significant role.Their interactions present what story the laws says about itself to the public, and teaches the public an ideological lesson between right and wrong, where right most commonly prevails (September 22nd 2009). The players in the court include: a judge, a crown attorney and a defe nce attorney. As I have observed the judge sits at an elevated position in the courtroom, and the adversary officials are positioned on each side of the courtroom. A regular player in the court is the Crown attorney, who represents the power of the state, the Queen.Their objective is not focused on winning the case; they remain impartial and focus on finding the truth, and protecting the best interest of the public. Another player in the court is the defence attorney, who is not impartial; they represent those who are accused of crimes, and they are not impartial because their objective is to win the case. I was able to observe how a morality play was taken place because the prosecutor advocated that what person in their right mind would attempt to push a woman and her infant onto the subway tracks and would be released back into society without any rehabilitative treatment.The prosecutor requested that if she were to be released that she must be appointed to a new psychiatrist that she must refer to frequently. This was an example of a morality play considering that the prosecutor formed an ideology of this woman and that she was mentally uns table. Considering that the accused was a homeless woman, whom I have personally seen in the subway cars begging for money, this would lead the public to believe that any homeless person who begs for money must be someone who is mentally unstable, when in actuality this may not be entirely true. The conflict that arises in the outcome of morality plays is that certain ideologies would be imposed in the public’s perspective against certain groups, which reinforce the targeting of these groups. This portrays how practices, behaviours and priorities produce systemic discrimination against certain groups which contradicts the official version of law in its claim to be blinded by difference, in order to balance and weigh justice evenly amongst all citizens.This makes one question that despite the incentive of the criminal justice system is to administrate justice evenly, does it work in specific ways that may disregard the official version of law, but it is disguised by laws and practices which seem to justify these unjust distributions of law to occur. Another important aspect of this question is how well does the court portray balance within the system, and how does this balance effect the public’s confidence in the system. Balance is a very important aspect of th e official version of law, which is represented by the blindfolded maiden who balances and weighs justice.The players in the court must portray this balance by obtaining good relations within the court, in order to avoid incivility in the courtroom, to keep it from imploding (Manarin). Incivility in the courtroom may undermine the right to a fair trial, which causes the public to lose confidence in the administration of justice. . I was also able to observe civility in the courtroom because despite how I found the Crown attorney’s tone and behaviour to be somewhat rude, she was still able to address her opponent as ‘my fellow partner’ even though they do not necessarily work as a team considering they are adversary officials.She addressed her opponent in this manner in order to maintain civility in the courtroom in order to reach a verdict to her satisfaction. Considering that the Crowns attorney behaviour in the courtroom was very stern and aggressive, and she fought very effectively to reach a verdict which would cause the accused to remain in custody it does not suggest that she is an impartial player who is not focused on winning the case. However, it is important to recognize that in his circumstance the prosecutors approach did reflect her interest in protecting the best interest for society, considering that her psychological analysis stated that she was a danger. With this being s aid, if civility and morality plays protray a certain story that is supposed to be presented to the public, this makes one question to whether laws are essentially reflective of a shared morality, independently decided among a group, or whether officials have formulated this morality through their practices.The conflict that arises when questioning this is that as Hay argued, no matter what the law says, it may have little to do with what the law does(2004). This means that despite what the law says, officials in our criminal justice system have many differences which affect whether the law is distributed proportionately among individuals. These differences include: authority, discretionary power and the primary goals that their job requires. The outcome of how the law is distributed among individuals form specific ideologies and creates an overrepresentation in the system of certain groups to which these individuals belong too.Police practices have an effect to how the law is distributed because of how their practices have a major effect on what is defined as a crime, who is caught up and the net and brought into the system (October 20th 2009). Police practices are influenced by a police subculture which consists of informal factors that affect their behaviour, reflective of shared norms, beliefs and values that differ from the larger culture around them (MacAlister, 2004). This police subculture causes their discretionary power to tar get those belonging to minority groups, due to perpetuated ideologies against certain groups.The outcome of this causes these groups to become overrepresented in the system (October 20th 2009). I was able to observe that police practices governed by ideologies is a notion that is believed by citizens who feel they have become victims of police practices such as, racial profiling. I observed this in the last case when the witness was expressing how the accused has felt targeted by the police due to their victimization of minority groups. This is supported by Brannigans argument, â€Å"Just as the fisherman does not cast his net randomly, neither do the police (1984).It is important to recognize that these minorities experience these negative ideologies against them throughout all aspects of their lives, which usually causes them to belong to a lower economic status group. This puts them at a greater disadvantage in the court process, to those minorities who are most commonly one-shot players that receive legal aid workers, who have little time for investigative preparation. Their success in court reflects this as these lawyers receive a dismissal of charges in 8% of cases compared to 39% of cases in privately retained counsels (Brannigan, 1984).It is most commonly those belonging to minority groups who receive legal aid workers because they also belong to the lower economic status of society. Considering legal aid workers do not have many successful cases, and most of their clients belong to minority groups, it is reasonable to say that this is another cause to their overrepresentation in the system. Therefore, police discretion comes into conflict with the overrepresentation of certain groups due to how policing behaviour and practices are regulated by the priorities they serve to the community.The police are the most visible aspects of the criminal justice system, therefore they must be perceived as the most effective, which they achieve by being tough on crime (MacAlister, 2004). As a consequence, due to perpetuated ideologies against certain groups that are embedded in police subculture define their behaviour and practices cause certain groups become overrepresented in the system. This portrays how police behaviour, practices and priorities contradict the official version of law in the aspect that it is supposed to be impartial and blind to difference. How to cite Criminal Justice System Structures Human Behaviour, Papers

Various Cases of Auditing

Questions: a) Define actual and perceived independence, and explain the importance of each. b) For each of the above independent situations list any professional standards and regulatory requirements breached and discuss possible alternative courses of action the auditor should have taken in order to properly discharge their professional responsibilities. Answers: (a). 1. In the first case, the actual independent is to use the information of various sources for the university studies and the perceived independence is to remove the reference, the sources from where the information is collected. This hides the name of the author thus, hiding the real identity of the information. 2. Wendy will be appointed as the company secretary. Being an engagement partner, wendy can handle the role of company secretary efficiently. The actual independence in this case will be that of wendy has been the engagement partner over a number of years and the perceived independence will be her appointment for the secretarial position of the company. She engages the parties of the Ace Limited audit. Her role being a secretary of the company will be bit similar to her role such handling the meetings of the board, writing the minutes of the meeting, making the agenda of the meeting, etc. 3. In this case, the actual independence is Leo the eldest son of firms major client Precision Machinery Limited. The perceived independence will be the work of Leo to audit the precision machinery, by testing the internal control of the cash payment system. Being the Foremans son, he works as an auditor and test the internal control of the cash payment. Thus, are the two different aspects. 4. In this case, the actual independence is Chan Associates are the Auditors of Classic Reproductions Pvt Ltd. The perceived independence is the holding of the shares of the company of which the Chan Associates are not the auditor. As, the Classic Reproductions Pvt Ltd was suffering from the financial difficulties, in order to recover the audit money, they decided to offer new office furniture to Chan Associates and the 25% of the shareholding in the unrelated listed company. In order to continue audit, Classic Reproductions Pvt Ltd, offered the above mentioned options which is forming 75% of the audit charges. (b). In this case, the independent situation is the use of information from the various sources which come under section 2320 of Analysis and evaluation where the internal auditor needs to come to conclusion based on the analysis as well as evaluation. It also include the documenting of information under section 2330. For proper discharge of their professional responsibilities, auditors need to control the access over the engagement. Policies need to be framed that will govern the internal and the external parties. (Irish, 1972) The two sections of the professional standards such as, the 2320 for analysis and evaluation and the documentation of information as per section 2330 need to be complied with. In order to perform the functions properly, Wendy need to undergo suitable training to perform the functions of the company. Wendy being the engagement partner can perform her task efficiently. She should ensure that there is no breach of act and should follow the suitable provisions of the companies act. Appointment of the engagement partner can breach section 2450 which include overall opinion for such appointment. For discharge of the professional responsibilities properly, the auditor need to comply with the above mentioned sections. It is necessary to comply with the section 2420 which is the quality of communication. Here, in this case, the independent list is the eldest son of the factory foreman Leo. He is assigned the audit of Precision Machinery. He tests the internal control of the cash payment system. The professional responsibility of the auditor is to see that the testing is done as per the norms set and there is no breach of testing.(Irish, 1972) It is necessary to comply with the section 2320 of the international standards which involves evaluation and analysis. In this case, the independent list is the Chan Associates the auditor of the large wholesale in furniture Classic Reproduction Pvt Ltd. Classic Reproductions Pvt Ltd was suffering from the financial difficulty so, decided to offer new furniture for office and the shareholding of 25% to Chan Associates in favor of the audit fees. The professional responsibility of the auditor is to check that whether there is acceptance on both the sides. The act needs to be done in accordance with the adherence of the law. References Robertson, J. (1990). Auditing. Homewood, IL: BPI/Irwin. Howard, L. (1982). Auditing. Estover, Plymouth: Macdonald Evans. Saxena, R., Srinivas, K., Rai, U. and Rai, S. (2010). Auditing. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Millichamp, A. (2002) Auditing. London: Continuum. Bell, W. and Johns, R. (1952). Auditing. New York: Prentice-Hall. Ricchiute, D. (1995). Auditing. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College. Irish, R. (1972). Auditing. Sydney: Law Book Co. Silvoso, J. and Bauer, R. (1965). Auditing. Chicago: South-Western Pub. Co.

Why American Revolution Was Unjust free essay sample

Why the American colonists should not have revolted against the British Throughout history their have been numerous revolts and rebellions against tyrannical kings and governments which were simply out of control. In other cases it has been a group of underprivileged, misunderstood, misrepresented, or oppressed groups of people. In this case these certain groups of people took it into their own hands to create the government they wished for. In most cases these groups of people had rational causes for their rebellions. However, the American Revolution was not an example of this. In fact it was quite the opposite. The American Revolution was not a group underprivileged, misunderstood, misrepresented, or oppressed people. These were a group of privileged, successful, and powerful people who lived in one of the most promising places of the world. The thing about them is that they wanted more power faster than it was being given to them. We will write a custom essay sample on Why American Revolution Was Unjust or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And because of this they orchestrated one of the most successful uses of propaganda in world history. The biggest issues for the colonists was taxation. Many of the taxes that colonists were complaining about were relatively small. And some weren’t meant to cost the colonists anything. They were simply meant to encourage the colonists to purchase British goods. Which isn’t to hard to understand considering they are a British colony. It seems as though many of the leaders of the revolution didn’t realize that they where there to expand and strengthen the British empire. The taxes of the time were small considering the fact that Britain had invested in the exploration and forming of the colonies. Today we pay federal income tax, state income tax, property tax, sales tax, capital gains tax, social security tax, medicare tax, worker’s compensation tax, federal unemployment tax, state unemployment tax, gasoline tax, and even a tax on cell phones. Now today, everyone pays these taxes and I don’t hear any calls for a revolt against the government. At one point in time the only notable tax on British goods was a tea tax. The leaders of the revolution were able to persuade the colonists that this was unacceptable. They persuaded them to the point were they believed that they should engage in a criminal act to protest it. The colonies called it the Boston Tea Party. The colonists disguised themselves as Indians and went on British ships and proceeded to throw all their tea overboard. The colonists promoted this crime as a peaceful protest. But in reality it was anything but that. The fact is that it was a crime and a crime that cost Britain a lot of money. The British government had every right to impose sanctions on the colonies and the city of Boston. Especially since no individuals took responsibility for this â€Å"protest†. This was one of the great uses of propaganda leading up to the Revolutionary war. The leaders of the revolution, who we also call are forefathers, were able to turn a blatant and illogical crime into a peaceful protest. They were able to make these criminals sound like heroes. They were also able to make the British government’s reaction to this so called protest sound oppressive and overbearing. Another fascinating and admirable example of propaganda was the Boston Massacre. And I use the term massacre in name only. This event was hardly a massacre, in fact only five colonists died. This event was portrayed as the killing of innocent colonists by the British. Many even portrayed it as an act of tyranny by the King. As if the King was really involved. In reality, a group of British troops who were being assaulted opened fire on a group unruly protesters. And yes, being hit with a rock is assault. There were a few people in the colonies that would call these the first casualties of the American Revolution. This was done in an effort to excite the colonists into the thinking that the revolution was underway, even though that was hardly the case. These are two very famous events of the revolution which are great examples of the propaganda and the manipulation used by the leaders of the revolution towards their fellow colonists. The American Revolution was not a story of a tyrannical King or an oppressive government. It is a story of a small number of intelligent, highly educated people who recognized an opportunity to increase their power and their fame as well as be the leaders of their own country. They used their intelligence to incite a war against their own country which put their lives and the lives of their colleagues in danger. As well as causing the deaths of thousands more during the war. Not to mention committing treason against the most powerful nation in the world. The acts of these men were inconceivable and irresponsible. This war was easily avoidable and both sides should have taken greater responsibility in preventing it.